Analytic Considerations for the Evaluation of Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment Effectiveness Among People Living with HIV

Abstract: Despite data from randomized trials demonstrating the benefits of tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) for people living with HIV, there remain gaps in the large-scale programmatic provision of TPT and understanding of its impact. The PROTECT study is a multi-country study that aims to evaluate the effectiveness of TPT programs on tuberculosis incidence and mortality. The study leverages electronic health records, which poses challenges in the design, analysis, and interpretation of the data. In this work, we describe the general analysis approach that will be adopted across countries for evaluation of the effectiveness of TPT programs.