Tirofiban-Induced Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage in a Patient With Acute Myocardial Infarction Following Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Case Report

This case report presents a rare instance of tirofiban-induced diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) in a 66-year-old male undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction. Approximately 22 hours after tirofiban initiation, the patient developed acute dyspnea and hemoptysis. Imaging studies revealed bilateral alveolar infiltrates consistent with DAH, accompanied by a significant drop in hemoglobin. Cessation of tirofiban and dual antiplatelet therapy led to rapid clinical improvement within 24 hours, with complete radiological resolution observed by day 15. Other potential etiologies were ruled out through serological testing. This case highlights DAH as a serious, albeit rare, complication of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor therapy and emphasizes the importance of early recognition and immediate drug discontinuation to ensure favorable outcomes.