Land degradation, environmental justice, and socio-cultural dynamics in the Fanteakwa North District of Ghana

Land degradation poses a significant threat to rural livelihoods and ecosystems in Ghana, yet most research has focused on biophysical or economic drivers. This study explores local perceptions, socio-cultural influences, environmental justice concerns, and community-driven strategies for mitigating land degradation in the Fanteakwa North District. Using a qualitative case study design, data were collected from 30 purposively selected participants of farmers, traditional leaders, government officials, and representatives of community-based organisations through interviews and focus group discussions. Findings indicate that land degradation is widely perceived as declining soil fertility, reduced harvests, and polluted water, with a disproportionate impact on women, older people, and smallholder farmers. Socio-cultural factors, such as traditional beliefs, insecure land tenure, and economic pressures, shape land-use practices, while justice concerns arise from the exclusion of vulnerable groups from decision-making. Community-driven strategies, including afforestation, indigenous conservation, and NGO partnerships, are being implemented but remain limited without institutional support. The study highlights the novelty of linking cultural practices and environmental justice to land degradation in Ghana. It concludes that securing land tenure, strengthening participatory governance, and supporting local initiatives with external resources are critical for sustainable land management. • Local views and traditions shape land degradation responses. • Study links land degradation to environmental injustice. • Cultural norms affect sustainable land use in Fanteakwa North. • Indigenous practices guide land restoration efforts. • Recommends co-management with NGOs and local leaders.