Factors influencing intentions and green computing behavior among university students: the perspective of theory of interpersonal behavior and norm activation model

The rise of technology has increased electronic device usage, leading to electronic waste that harms the environment and human health. Green computing, involving the sustainable design, use, and disposal of computing devices, seeks to mitigate these effects. Despite the potential of green computing, the adoption remains slow. This study explores factors influencing university students' intention and behavior toward green computing using a model based on the Theory of Interpersonal Behavior (TIB), Norm Activation Model (NAM), and Performance Shaping Factor (PSF). Data from 194 students were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to examine the proposed hypotheses. Findings show that attitudes and personal norms significantly influence green computing behavior. Personal norms are shaped by responsibility, awareness of consequences, and societal expectations. Additionally, intent, habits, and performance-shaping factors drive green computing adoption. The study highlights TIB's relevance in examining pro-environmental actions and enriches the understanding of green computing in Indonesia. Practically, the findings offer insights for students, universities, governments, and the computer hardware industry to promote sustainable practices.