Molecular genetic portrait of virulence and ciprofloxacin resistance genes in clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Khartoum, Sudan

The prudent use of ciprofloxacin is vital in managing P.aeruginosa infections amid rising resistance. Detection of gyrA and parC in susceptible isolates signals potential for future resistance through future mutations, highlighting the need for ongoing monitoring. The coexistence of resistance and virulence genes highlights the pathogen's combined threat. These findings reinforce the public health importance of continuous molecular surveillance and genetic profiling, not only to guide effective treatment but also to inform targeted infection control strategies and antimicrobial stewardship programs.