Simulation on the Motion Characteristics and Discharge Mechanism of Abrasive Particles in Conductive Slip Rings

Disk-type conductive slip rings are widely used in spacecraft solar array drive mechanisms to transfer power and signals. However, arc discharges which were triggered by metal abrasive particles pose serious risks to system reliability. This study establishes a particle dynamics and discharge model to investigate the motion and discharge behavior of abrasive particles within the slip ring structure. Simulation results show that particles migrate under electric field forces, accumulating on insulating surfaces or exiting the slip ring area. The distribution is influenced by particle charge and initial velocity. High charge levels lead to increased accumulation on the insulating post side surfaces, while higher initial velocities promote accumulation on the insulating post top surfaces. Discharges are primarily induced when oppositely charged particles approach too closely, triggering micro-discharges that may develop into chain discharges along insulating surfaces. Structural optimization of the slip ring channel can significantly reduce this risk. The findings provide theoretical support for understanding particle-induced discharges and offer design insights to improve slip ring reliability.