Sustainable Nanomaterials for Glyphosate Remediation

Glyphosate is among the most widely used herbicides worldwide. Due to its extensive and inadequate use, it can persist in the environment for months, and its widespread use poses a significant environmental and health concern. Therefore, it becomes necessary to develop effective remediation strategies. Sustainable, low-cost green-based nanomaterials offer promising solutions for remediating glyphosate contamination in the environment, achieving high adsorption efficiency, chemical stability, reusability, and high recovery rates. Sustainable green nanomaterials, including metallic nanoparticles, carbon-based nanomaterials, Biochar-nanocomposites, and magnetic nanomaterials, have demonstrated significant efficacy in capturing glyphosate from wastewater through adsorption, photodegradation, and complexation mechanisms. Reaching a maximum removal of 99% and 497 mg/g removal capacities with low operational costs, magnetic recovery, high reusability, stability, and environmental safety in real-world water treatment applications. The following review outlines the current findings, gaps, and discussions on the development of nanomaterials, with a focus on their application for glyphosate removal and, consequently, enhanced wastewater treatment.