Factors influencing trustworthiness and perceived biases of medical information and genetic testing for Black and White Americans

Ensuring diversity in genomic research is crucial to address disparities in healthcare benefits experienced by Black Americans and other minority groups. Despite progress in promoting diversity, Black Americans remain underrepresented in most genetic studies, resulting in unequal access to the benefits of genetic medicine. This study investigates trusted sources of medical and genetic testing information among Black and White Americans, identifying key factors that influence trust and participation in genetic research. Using an online survey of 1,018 participants (Black Americans n = 500, White Americans n = 518), we analyzed trust and bias ratings across various sources, including medical providers, genetic counselors, and social media. Medical providers emerged as the most trusted source for both medical and genetic information across racial groups. In terms of bias, social media was viewed as most biased and medical providers as least biased across both groups. However, Black Americans reported significantly lower trust in medical providers and scientific literature compared to White Americans. Furthermore, Black Americans expressed a stronger preference for receiving medical information from individuals of the same race or ethnicity. These findings highlight the importance of tailoring communication outlets and strategies to address the specific trust concerns of underrepresented populations. Efforts to engage Black Americans in genetic research may benefit from increased involvement of medical providers and genetic counselors, improved transparency, and culturally relevant communication. By addressing these factors, the research community can work towards reducing disparities and promoting equitable access to the benefits of genetic medicine.