Primary pulmonary angiosarcoma: A case study with genetic insights and potential therapeutic targets

This case report describes a 71-year-old man who presented with hemoptysis, chest pain and shortness of breath. Computed tomography-guided biopsy and immunohistochemical analysis revealed positivity for markers CD34, CD31 and vimentin, confirming the diagnosis of primary pulmonary vascular sarcoma. Genetic testing revealed actionable mutations in <i>CD274</i> (programmed cell death ligand 1), kinase insert domain receptor, <i>KIT</i> and platelet-derived growth factor receptor <i>α</i>, which may provide targeted treatment options. Unfortunately, the patient's condition rapidly worsened, and he died before therapy was initiated. This case emphasizes the difficulties in diagnosing pulmonary angiosarcoma and highlights potential molecular targets for therapy. Swift disease progression emphasizes the critical need for early detection and accurate diagnosis. Furthermore, the identified genetic alterations offer a basis for personalized targeted therapies, underscoring the importance of further research and clinical trials to enhance patient outcomes.