Shadow-complexity and trisection genus

The shadow-complexity is an invariant of closed <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:math> -manifolds defined by using <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:math> -dimensional polyhedra called Turaev’s shadows, which, roughly speaking, measures how complicated a <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:math> -skeleton of the <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:math> -manifold is. In this paper, we define a new version <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">sc</mml:mi> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> of shadow-complexity depending on an extra parameter <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , and we investigate the relationship between this complexity and the trisection genus <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>g</mml:mi> </mml:math> . More explicitly, we prove an inequality <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>g</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>W</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>≤</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">sc</mml:mi> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>W</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> for any closed <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:math> -manifold <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>W</mml:mi> </mml:math> and any <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . Moreover, we determine the exact values of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">sc</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> for infinitely many <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:math> -manifolds, and also we classify all closed <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:math> -manifolds with <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">sc</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>≤</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> .

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Publication Details

Journal
Annales de la faculté des sciences de Toulouse Mathématiques
Published
2025-10-31
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5802/afst.1830
Primary Topic
Geometric and Algebraic Topology
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Shadow-complexity and trisection genus

Hironobu Naoe, Masaki Ogawa
Annales de la faculté des sciences de Toulouse Mathématiques
Geometric and Algebraic Topology
article

Shadow-complexity and trisection genus

Hironobu Naoe, Masaki Ogawa
article en

Abstract

The shadow-complexity is an invariant of closed <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:math> -manifolds defined by using <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:math> -dimensional polyhedra called Turaev’s shadows, which, roughly speaking, measures how complicated a <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:math> -skeleton of the <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:math> -manifold is. In this paper, we define a new version <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">sc</mml:mi> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> of shadow-complexity depending on an extra parameter <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , and we investigate the relationship between this complexity and the trisection genus <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>g</mml:mi> </mml:math> . More explicitly, we prove an inequality <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>g</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>W</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>≤</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">sc</mml:mi> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>W</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> for any closed <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:math> -manifold <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>W</mml:mi> </mml:math> and any <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . Moreover, we determine the exact values of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">sc</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> for infinitely many <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:math> -manifolds, and also we classify all closed <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:math> -manifolds with <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">sc</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>≤</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> .

Annales de la faculté des sciences de Toulouse MathématiquesVol. 34(5)
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Openalex Percentile: Top 62%
Geometric and Algebraic Topology
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