Visual Reinterpretation of Eco-theology in Modern Church Stained Glass: The Meaning of Jesus' Ascension into Heaven

Visuals on modern church stained glass are rarely discussed as an object of study, even though this phenomenon has crucial significance in representing theological narratives. This study examines how the visuals of modern church stained glass in Indonesia undergo a transformation of form caused by the inclusion of various references to Bible verses to strengthen meaning while providing a broader perspective on the story of Jesus’ ascension and the mandate given to humans. This research utilizes the methods of documentation study, literature study, and Bible study to interpret the visuals that appear on the stained glass. The main findings in this study show that the visual stained glass in Christian Church of Indonesia, Ngupasan does not merely depict the ascension of Jesus but also contains eco-theological meaning as a mandate given by Jesus for humans. Humans are mandated to protect the environment as part of the call of the Christian faith. In addition, this stained glass also illustrates that although Jesus is not physically present on earth, His blessings and providence still accompany all of His creation. The results of this study provide valuable insights for readers to understand how the visuals on stained church glass are not only decorative but also rich in theological meaning. A combination of verses and references is also needed to convey spiritual messages and broaden their meaning and understanding so that they are more relevant to the needs of modern congregations.