Modified Dirac oscillator with topological defects

Considering a four-potential of the form [Formula: see text], we study the modified Dirac oscillator in a spacetime containing both a cosmic string and a global monopole. The Dirac spinor, energy eigenvalues, and effective angular momentum are influenced by these topological defects. For particular values of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] (global monopole), and [Formula: see text] (cosmic string), we recover cases such as the modified Dirac oscillator in flat spacetime, the Dirac oscillator with topological defects, and the Dirac oscillator in flat spacetime. Graphical analyses show degeneracy breaking caused by the topological defects and by the potential term [Formula: see text], with energy shifts depending on [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]. The confinement of the radial probability density shifts farther from the origin as [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] decrease or as [Formula: see text] increases. Overall, both the potential and the defects produce shifts in the particle dynamics, confining the radial probability density to specific regions. This behavior also occurs for spinless relativistic particles in similar spacetimes, as well as in condensed matter and cold atom systems.