Superior microwave shielding modulation based on rapidly prepared graphene metasurface

Active manipulation of electromagnetic wave jamming is a critical challenge for next-generation adaptive electronics. Electrical conductivity-tunable porous materials have been developed, but have encountered the challenge of constrained modulation range and large thickness. Herein, we report a method for modulating the shielding efficiency of microwaves based on a micrometer-thick graphene metasurface. The continuous modulation between wave transmission and shielding in an ultra-wide range of 9.66%-99.78% is achieved, due to the remarkable anisotropy of wave-induced electron oscillation. By rotating the metasurface, wherein alignment of the periodically arranged graphene strips with the incident electric field enhances electron oscillations and boosts secondary radiation, significantly improved shielding efficiency is obtained. Notably, the metasurface achieves facile preparation and open-air processability utilizing laser-induced ultrafast kinetics, facilitating its application in advanced smart electromagnetic devices. Finally, we demonstrate its potential in a novel paradigm for data electromagnetic encryption.