Cybersecurity, Digital Infrastructure Development, and Economic Growth in Africa: A Comparative Analysis of Western, Eastern, and Southern African Economies (2005–2025)

Africa’s ongoing digital transformation presents substantial opportunities for economic growth, yet it simultaneously exposes the continent to cybersecurity vulnerabilities. This study examines the interplay between cybersecurity readiness and digital infrastructure development in shaping economic outcomes across Western, Eastern, and Southern Africa from 2005 to 2025. Employing comparative panel econometric methods, we assess how disparities in broadband expansion, ICT adoption, and cybersecurity maturity influence regional growth trajectories. Evidence suggests that digital technologies could contribute up to US$1.5 trillion to Africa’s GDP by 2030 (Munyati, 2025), but inadequate cybersecurity poses a serious threat to these gains (Oyeyemi, 2025). Drawing on data from the World Bank, ITU, and UNCTAD, while controlling for FDI inflows, human capital, and trade openness, the analysis reveals that secure digital ecosystems enhance productivity, innovation, and macroeconomic resilience. Policy recommendations emphasize integrated strategies that concurrently strengthen digital infrastructure and cybersecurity to foster sustainable and inclusive growth across Africa.