Gastrointestinal involvement in granulomatosis with polyangiitis: frequency, clinical impact, and prognostic implications in a retrospective cohort study

Gastrointestinal involvement in GPA is associated with more severe disease activity, diminished treatment response, and increased mortality. Early detection and appropriate management of GI manifestations may improve clinical outcomes. Further prospective studies are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and optimize treatment strategies for this high-risk subgroup.