Impact of lead placement site on right ventricular function: a comparative echocardiographic analysis of apical versus septal pacing in permanent pacemaker recipients

Septal lead positioning is associated with more favorable right heart geometry and hemodynamics than apical pacing in the early post-implantation period. These preliminary findings support septal pacing as a potentially superior strategy for long-term cardiac preservation, but the small sample size limits generalizability and warrants confirmation in larger, randomized trials.