The mechanism and path of rural land factor marketization reform for enhancing rural resilience

Drawing on the social-ecosystem framework, this study integrates resilience, adaptive cycle, and embeddedness theories to systematically and stagewise dissect the theoretical process through which rural land factor marketization enhances rural resilience. Taking the Rice Dream Space as an example, it examines specific initiatives and outcomes in the market-oriented reform of rural land factors. This summarizes the mechanisms and paths through which market-oriented reform of rural land factors empowers rural resilience. The results show that: (1) During the market-oriented reform of rural land factors, the rural resource system (RS), governance system (GS), resource units (RU), and actors (A) interact effectively across diverse and complex scenarios. These interactions enhance rural resilience and facilitate the adaptive cycle process. (2) The market mechanism enhances rural resilience through three primary drivers: the realization of land value as an economic driver, the sustainable use of resource units within the rural-social ecosystem as an ecological driver, and the restructuring of rural resource elements coupled with improvements to the rural governance system as socio-institutional drivers. (3) To empower rural resilience through the rural land factor market, a viable implementation path should be initiated through "policy opportunities + market embedding", advanced through "in-depth stakeholder engagement + collaborative governance", and driven by "technological innovation + industrial transformation". This approach couples multiple actors and factors to achieve rural transformation and upgrading. Different villages should tailor their approaches to market-oriented land reform based on their unique development characteristics and resource endowments. By stimulating multi-stakeholder participation to invigorate the market, these tailored approaches can achieve the intended effects of resilience and empowerment.