Simulation study of a wide energy range neutron beam monitor for TMSR-PNS

<bold>Background</bold>In response to the issue of neutron beam instability or misfire during the operation of the Thorium Molten Salt Reactor with a Particle and Neutron Source (TMSR-PNS), it is necessary to design and develop a neutron beam monitor with high counting rate, low neutron beam perturbation, and high neutron/gamma discrimination capability.<bold>Purpose</bold>This study aims to investigate the influence of structural parameters of neutron beam monitors for TMSR-PNS on their performance.<bold>Methods</bold>Firstly, considering that the energy spectrum of TMSR-PNS was mainly focused on the energy range from thermal neutrons to 1 MeV, LiF was chosen as the neutron conversion material, and the Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter (SRIM) program was empolyed to calculate the range of secondary charged particles in the neutron conversion layer and the scintillator, providing a preliminary reference for determining the thickness. Subsequently, a relevant physical model was established using Geant4, irradiating with neutrons and gamma rays of different energies. Finally, the simulation results were used to determine the effects of parameters such as neutron conversion layer thickness, scintillator thickness, metal incident window, and the placement angle of the PMT on the detector performance.<bold>Results</bold>Simulation results show that the neutron conversion layer thickness of the scintillator is relatively suitable at about 2 µm for intrinsic detection efficiency. With a scintillator thickness of 0.5 mm and a discrimination threshold of 0.8 MeV, the detector demonstrates insensitivity to gamma rays. Additionally, by comparing the impact of different incident window materials on electron generation by gamma rays, aluminum, which produces fewer electrons, was selected as the shell material.<bold>Conclusions</bold>The influence of detector structural parameters on detector performance obtained in this study is of guiding significance, providing theoretical reference for the subsequent preparation of detectors.