Field analysis of trust in orthopedic surgeons vs traditional bone setters among low-income individuals in Nineveh Governorate

This cross-sectional study investigates trust levels in orthopedic surgeons versus traditional bone setters among low-income individuals in Nineveh Governorate. A total of 158 participants completed a structured survey. Results showed that 60.2% of respondents preferred orthopedic surgeons, while 33.5% favored traditional healers. The most frequent trust rating was 4/5 for orthopedic surgeons and 2–3/5 for traditional healers. Notably, 68% of respondents held a university degree, and 87% were male, which indicates selection bias and limits the generalizability of the findings. Trust was strongly influenced by education, affordability, and cultural familiarity. The study recommends improving outreach, reducing treatment costs, and strengthening culturally sensitive communication to build public trust in licensed orthopedic care. • Investigates trust levels between orthopedic surgeons and traditional bone setters among low-income individuals in Nineveh Governorate. • Surveyed 158 participants, revealing 60.2% preference for orthopedic surgeons despite cultural ties to traditional healers. • Education level strongly influences trust, with higher education linked to greater confidence in orthopedic care. • Affordability, accessibility, and cultural familiarity drive continued use of traditional bone setters. • Recommendations include improved communication, subsidized care, and culturally sensitive outreach to enhance trust in licensed orthopedic services.