SU-SAM: A Simple Unified Framework for Adapting SAM in Underperformed Scene

Segment Anything Model (SAM) excels in common vision tasks but struggles with specialized data. Recent methods fine-tune SAM using parameter-efficient techniques and task-specific designs, but they rely heavily on handcrafting and pre/post-processing, limiting the generalizability. In this paper, we propose SU-SAM, a simple and unified framework that adapts SAM efficiently without task-specific designs, improving its adaptability to underperforming scenes. SU-SAM abstracts parameter-efficient modules into basic design elements, offering four variants: series, parallel, mixed, and LoRA structures. Experiments across nine datasets and six tasks, including medical and defect segmentation, demonstrate SU-SAM’s superior performance. We analyze the effectiveness of different parameter-efficient designs and present a generalized model and benchmark, highlighting SU-SAM’s adaptability across diverse datasets.