Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Basal Insulin and Premixed Insulin on Glycemic Control in T2DM Patients under CGM Blood Glucose Monitoring

Abstract Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is used for blood glucose management in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Objectives: We conducted an observational study to assess the efficacy and safety of distinct insulin regimens for glycemic control in individuals with T2DM using CGM. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 56 patients with T2DM were enrolled and divided into two groups: the basal insulin group and the premixed insulin group. The primary outcome was time in range (TIR). The safety outcomes were below the target range [time below range (TBR)]. Results: TIR was significantly higher in the basal insulin group than that of the premixed group (74 ± 16% vs. 60 ± 22%, P < 0.05). In contrast, patients in the basal insulin group had significantly lower time above range than those in the premixed group (25 ± 17% vs. 37 ± 23%, P < 0.05). There were no statistical differences in TBR and coefficient of variation between the two groups ( P > 0.05). Conclusion: Both basal insulin and premixed insulin were effective in achieving glycemic control. Basal insulin exhibited exceptional stability and a reduced risk of hyperglycemia, leading to superior glycemic control compared to premixed insulin.