Scaling down SAFe: Can the Scaled Agile Framework be adopted by Small and Medium Enterprises? A multiple case study

The Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe) has gained significant traction in recent years as a strategy to mitigate the risks associated with traditional front-end planning, which often results in downstream development challenges. The adoption of SAFe is not common for Small- and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), as its implementation is often perceived as complex, time-consuming and resource-intensive. However, the application of SAFe can add value for SMEs as well, when adapted and scaled down for use in those organisations. This qualitative multiple case study was undertaken to deepen our understanding of the applicability of the seven core competencies of SAFe in business software implementation projects at SMEs in The Netherlands, as well as detecting challenges they face when adopting this framework. Data, collected via document analysis and semi-structured interviews with key project stakeholders, was analysed using flexible pattern matching and thematic analysis. Cross-case analysis identified key themes and relationships related to project success and challenges. The results reveal that SAFe uniquely offers support in dealing with resistance, stakeholder-focused agility boosting bottom-up innovation, and a continuous learning culture enabling organisations making strategically aligned decisions faster. Resource limitations in SMEs require careful consideration for successful SAFe implementation.