Conjugated heat transfer of entropy generation and hybrid nanoparticles in a cavity

Purpose This research explores natural convection heat transfer within a square cavity, simulating an electronic cabinet with finite-thickness solid walls and heated fins. The aim is to understand how different fin configurations and thermal properties impact heat dissipation and cooling efficiency. Design/methodology/approach This study uses dimensionless, two-dimensional partial differential equations with appropriate initial and boundary conditions. Computational simulations analyze key dimensionless parameters. These parameters include volume fraction (2% ≤ ϕ ≤ 6%), Hartmann number (10 ≤ Ha ≤ 100), Rayleigh numbers (104 ≤ Ra ≤ 106) and aspect ratio (0.1 ≤ AR ≤ 0.3). The average Nusselt number (Nuavg) is also examined. The analysis is conducted under constant temperature and insulated vertical wall conditions. This approach allows for a focused investigation of heat transfer characteristics. Findings Fins notably influence heat transfer efficiency within an enclosure. Thermal conductivity ratios play a significant role, with values above or below one either enhancing or reducing heat transfer compared to systems without fins. Increasing the number and size of fins boosts the heat enhancement factor. Different fin arrangements provide crucial information for improving thermal performance. Optimizing fin geometry is essential for maximizing heat transfer. These findings offer valuable insights for designing more effective thermal management systems. Originality/value This study uniquely examines natural convection in electronic cabinets, considering solid walls and heated fins. It analyzes fin geometry and thermal properties to improve cooling. This research offers practical insights for better thermal management in electronics. It provides key guidance for boosting cooling efficiency. By using realistic conditions, this work aids the design of more effective electronic cooling systems. It helps optimize thermal strategies.