The salience of the invisible: insights into the evolution, dynamics and relational challenges of employee neurodiversity networks

Purpose Our study aims to explore the evolution and workings of five neurodiversity networks as emergent organizational communities aimed at providing support to neurodivergent employees and fostering a more neuro-inclusive workplace. Design/methodology/approach We analyzed eighteen interviews with network members and other employees. Interviewees were selected from neurodiversity networks varying in size and duration, and they were asked to provide information on network structure, governance, their aims and supportive practices, as well as disruptive network events and negative ties. Findings We integrate the results of the six emerging themes, present the main enablers and barriers in network evolution in relation to its shifting goals, and discuss the organizational embedding versus autonomy dilemma. Moreover, we unveil three paradoxical mechanisms that apply specifically to neurodiversity networks, namely the relational challenges, the support-strain and the salience of the invisible paradoxes. Research limitations/implications Our study finds that neurodiversity networks face common enablers and barriers seen in other diversity networks, along with unique challenges specific to neurodiversity. Our qualitative approach limited the exploration of network impact on neuro-inclusiveness, and we call for quantitative studies to further extend our findings. Practical implications The findings offer key insights for managers and employees contemplating the establishment of a neurodiversity network. Clear agreements on roles, influence and resources are vital to maintain network integrity and ensure a contribution to neuro-inclusiveness. Social implications The findings indicate that while neurodiversity networks can support neuro-inclusiveness, it is challenging to achieve given the risks when such networks are poorly designed or inadequately managed. Originality/value The study is one of the first to explore the workings of neurodiversity networks in organizational settings and explore the challenges they face.