Beyond Bacterial Causes: A Case of Recurrent Urinary and Vulvovaginal Symptoms Due to <i>Enterobius vermicularis</i> —Case Report

Bacterial and fungal infections are recognized as prevalent etiological factors contributing to the symptoms associated with urinary tract infections and vulvovaginitis, respectively. This report presents a notable instance of a nonbacterial cause, specifically involving <i>Enterobius vermicularis</i> (pinworm). A 7-year-old female patient from a low socioeconomic background is reported, presenting with a 14-month history of recurrent urinary symptoms and vulvovaginitis. This clinical picture persists despite multiple courses of antibiotic therapy and negative urinary cultures. The diagnosis was established following meticulous urine collection, which demonstrated the presence of motile organisms identified as <i>Enterobius vermicularis</i>. The patient exhibited a favorable response to the administered treatment. This case highlights the importance of considering parasitic infections in the differential diagnosis of recurrent urinary symptoms, especially in pediatric patients with inadequate hygiene and lower socioeconomic conditions.