A deep learning-based two-staged SEM-ANN analysis of arts, nature, and physical activity social prescription for mental health: mediating role of health behavior

Arts, nature, and physical activity have gained recognition as valuable components of social prescriptions for improving mental health. Engaging in artistic endeavors, spending time in natural environments, and participating in physical activities can have significantly positive effects on mental health outcomes. This study aimed to explore the mediating role of health behavior in the relationship between the arts, nature, physical activity, social prescription, and mental health. We employed a stratified sampling technique, and 5,645 participants were recruited from different geographic areas of China. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect primary data. An artificial neural network (ANN) and structural equation modelling (SEM) techniques were used to analyze the finalized dataset. SEM analysis shows that all proposed hypotheses H1 to H7 are supported. In contrast, artificial neural network analysis showed that arts social prescription (87.10%) and nature social prescription (83.95%) were the essential predictors in the line after physical activity social prescription, which had 100% sensitivity. Arts, nature, physical activity social prescription along health behavior influence mental health positively. Health behaviors underscore the importance of considering lifestyle factors in mental health. More effective strategies can develop related arts, nature, and physical activity social prescription for promoting mental well-being.