Socialized Systems of Generative Artificial Intelligence and the Roles of Technological Organic Intellectuals

This conceptual review article critically examines the systemic features and contradictions of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) and the ‘opportunity/danger paradox’ in the development and deployment of large language models (LLMs). The paradox and its potential resolution are explored through a political–economy–ecology framework. Through new developments in neo-Gramscian analysis, the article conceptualizes GenAI as embedded within competing dominant and subordinate technological blocs within the context of Platform Capitalism 2.0, evolving as the latest phase of Computational Capitalism. In response, an alternative horizontally organized, multi-layered socialized system of GenAI is proposed to ultimately resolve the paradox. The article utilizes Lury’s concept of problem spaces and recomposed research problems to explore transitioning to this socialized system based on constructing multiple mediating layers of the alternative technological bloc, mediated by alliances of progressive technological organic intellectuals exercising a technological organic intellect. The conclusion addresses the challenges of passive revolution effects and transitioning compounded by the phenomenon of compressed technological time.