Analysis of Transport Characteristics and Angle‐Curvature Optimization in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Serpentine Flow Field Corners Based on 3D Numerical Simulation and Machine Learning

The corner structure in serpentine flow channels significantly affects the fluid flow characteristics, mass transfer efficiency, and overall performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. This study employs Bézier curves to construct three corner configurations: rectangular‐filet (RF), semicircle‐filet(SF), and bevel‐filet (BF), and investigates their effects on fuel cell performance using a 3D, two‐phase flow model with the volume‐of‐fluid method. The results show that smaller semicircle radii enhance water removal but increase pressure drop, whereas larger radii exhibit the opposite effect. The beveled configuration improves flow velocity and mass transfer through gas‐wall impingement, with SF‐III and BF‐III designs increasing peak current density by 5.46%/4.62% and power density by 3.17%/2.69%, respectively. Nondominated sorting genetic algorithm‐III multiobjective optimization identifies outer curvature radius ( R 1 ) and inner angle ( θ 2 ) as critical parameters, with optimized configurations achieving 4.88–5.39% power improvement alongside 51.57–67.71% pressure drop reduction. The study demonstrates that maintaining a 2–3 outer‐to‐inner radius ratio optimally balances power density and pressure drop for efficient flow field optimization.