Risk Factors Contributing to Adhesive Disease Following Primary Cesarean Section: A Cross-Sectional Study

Adhesions were present in 31.7% (33/104) of participants. Emergency cesarean, low socioeconomic status, gestational diabetes, and certain previous CS indications (cervical dystocia, second stage arrest, failed induction with PROM) were significantly associated with adhesion formation (p < 0.05). Women with adhesions experienced significantly higher mean blood loss (490.3 ± 127.4 vs 433.9 ± 120.6 mL, p = 0.03) and longer operative time (67.3 ± 10.9 vs 45.9 ± 7.6 min, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Intra-abdominal adhesions are common in repeat cesarean sections, particularly following emergency procedures and in women with specific comorbidities. Adhesions significantly impact surgical outcomes, highlighting the importance of careful surgical planning and preventive strategies in women undergoing repeat cesarean deliveries.