Effective Treatment with Ruxolitinib and Ropeginterferon Alfa-2b for Refractory TAFRO-like Syndrome

Owing to the lack of appropriate treatment, TAFRO syndrome often presents with multiple organ dysfunction and fatality. The Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) pathway has recently been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammation in TAFRO syndrome, and inhibitors of the JAK/STAT pathway may be effective as therapeutic agents for TAFRO syndrome. We herein report the successful treatment using combination therapy with ruxolitinib and ropeginterferon alfa-2b of a case of TAFRO-like syndrome with a long history of polycythemia vera with JAK2 V617F refractory to several treatments.