MATHEMATICAL MODELLING IN THE APPLICATION OF ORTHOPAEDIC STRUCTURES SUPPORTED BY DENTAL IMPLANTS

The article is devoted to topical issues of improving the durability and functional reliability of orthopaedic structures based on dental implants. The authors justify the significance of the research topic, which is determined by the need for accurate prediction of the biomechanical behaviour of implant systems, including the influence of the type of implant and abutment connection, the fixation method, and the angle of the implant. The relevance of this research is confirmed by the active introduction of mathematical modelling methods, in particular the finite element method (FEM), which allows analysing the distribution of loads and stresses in bone tissue and prosthesis components. However, the aspects of the influence of various connection configurations (external, internal, conical) and fixation methods (cemented, screw) on the long-term stability of orthopaedic structures remain insufficiently studied. The study conducted a systematic analysis of domestic and foreign scientific publications from the PubMed, Medline, Cochrane, eLIBRARY, and CyberLeninka databases devoted to mathematical modelling in orthopaedic dentistry. A set of methods was used, including comparative analysis, data summarisation, assessment of result reliability, and critical analysis of clinical studies. The results of the study showed that internal and conical connections are more resistant to micromobility and stress concentration than external ones; screw fixation provides better stability under high loads, while cemented fixation requires further study in the long-term; the angle of the implant significantly affects the distribution of stresses in bone tissue. Conclusion. Despite advances in mathematical modelling, there is still a need to standardise analysis methods and conduct additional studies to optimise the parameters of implant systems. The data obtained can be used to improve the accuracy of orthopaedic treatment planning and reduce the risk of complications.