What Are the Functions of Interoception and Allostasis and Their Contribution to Neurologic Symptoms?

Interoception is the sensing and representation of signals from the internal organs and involves a bidirectional communication between the brain and the body. Interoception also supports allostasis, which is the process by which the brain anticipates the needs of the body and preemptively initiate responses to meet internal or external demands. The coordination between these 2 processes is orchestrated by a distributed allostatic-interoceptive brain network. Impaired interoceptive accuracy, allostatic overload, and central sensitization contribute to the manifestations of neurodegenerative disorders and chronic functional neurologic symptoms.