SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. DENTAL MANIFESTATIONS OF COMORBID DISEASE. LITERATURE REVIEW

Introduction. Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic, autoimmune, multisystem disease, the clinical manifestations of which in the mouth are often a marker manifestation of the insidious disease. The study of the dental manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus for the purpose of early diagnosis and treatment has determined the relevance of this publication. Objectives. Analysis of current scientific publications devoted to dental manifestations of systemic red lupus, published in literature databases eLIBRARY.RU, Electronic Thesis Library of the Russian State Library, National Institutes of Health (NIH), PubMed and Medline. The search covered is 15 years. Methodology. The method of research was a theoretical analysis of sources of domestic and foreign literature, in which scientific data on the characteristics of clinical manifestations of systemic red lupus in the mouth were published. Results. According to the literature analysis of available international studies, it can be argued that the oral mucosa in systemic red lupus with ulcerative sites discoid form occurs on average in 31% of the total number of patients, having dental manifestations of the disease. Typical discoid foci on the oral mucosa were found in patients with systemic red lupus, first manifested in childhood in 41% of cases, in patients with disease first manifested in adulthood - 26%, and in patients with elderly systemic red lupus in 26% of cases. The prevalence of lupus erythematosus in the form of spots with unmarked borders, foci of telangiectasia and swelling of the tissues under treatment is 9%, candidiasis of the mouth - 9%, petechiae - 8%, hylite of the lower lip in the form of erythematosus with peeling and formation of pseudomembrane - 6%, clearly outlined white lace hyperkeratosis of the hard palate - 3%. Conclusions. Based on these findings, it can be argued that systemic lupus erythematosus is a common, frequently occurring disease, in 25–42% of cases manifested in the oral cavity. Timely diagnosis of the disease based on its dental manifestations at the stage of primary health care contributes to the proper routing and treatment of patients.