THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS VOLUME FOR PLANNING SUBANTRAL AUGMENTATION AND DENTAL IMPLANTATION (Part I)

To plan an implantation surgery with prior bone augmentation in the area of the maxillary sinus floor, it is necessary to study the anatomy of the maxillary sinus in detail. The anatomical characteristics of the maxillary sinus include its shape, type of pneumatization, symmetry, presence of internal partitions - septa, ratio of the volume of compact and spongy bone tissue in the area of the lower wall, structure of the maxillary sinus floor. Of particular clinical importance is the volume of the sinus, which affects the choice of the surgical technique for restoring the integrity of the dentition on the upper jaw. The aim of the study was to study the volume of the maxillary sinus in men and women in different age groups depending on the composition of the dentition according to CBCT data. 496 CBCT were studied. The subjects were divided into age groups and groups depending on the presence and/or absence of chewing teeth (except for third molars). The results of determining the average volume of the maxillary sinuses using CBCT showed that the largest sinus volume was observed in men aged 55–64 years and amounted to 40.75 ± 1.18 cm3 in the presence of premolars and molars, 41.15 ± 1.03 cm3 in the group with a missing premolar and/or molar, 41.51 ± 1.37 cm3 on the right in the group with complete absence of premolars and molars. The smallest average sinus volume according to CBCT data was noted in men in the age group of 45–54 years. The sinus volume on the right was larger than on the left in most of the observed cases. Most of the sinuses examined were asymmetrical. As a result of the loss of chewing teeth, the volume of the maxillary sinus increases.