A MODERN REVIEW OF THE MECHANISMS OF DEVELOPMENT AND PREVENTION OF PERI-IMPLANTITIS AS A COMPLICATION OF DENTAL IMPLANTATION

The number of patients receiving dental implants is constantly growing, treatment and prevention of concomitant complications is a relevant task. Analysis of statistics on the occurrence, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture, peri-implantitis allows to build a scheme of examination of patients before dental implantation for preventive purposes. Subject of the study – peri-implantitis as a complication of dental implantation. Goal – analysis of modern sources on contraindications to dental implantation, risk groups and mechanisms of occurrence, prevention of peri-implantitis to increase personalization of treatment and improve the clinical effectiveness of implantation. Materials and methods. During the study, full-text publications in English and Russian on various aspects of peri-implantitis as one of the main complications observed after implantation were studied. For this, methods of analysis and synthesis were used, which made it possible to systematize and combine the obtained data. The following databases were used: Google Scholar, eLibrary, PubMed, CyberLeninka, Russian State Library and others. In addition, articles and publications covering experimental and clinical studies on this topic were used. Results. Among the complications after implantation, mucositis and peri-implantitis is the most common. The increase in the number of indications for dental implantation and postoperative complications requires a detailed preliminary examination of patients, a thorough collection of anamnesis, with the obligatory determination of the presence of comorbid pathologies and the medications taken in this regard. It is important to consider whether the patient is at risk of developing postoperative complications and to carry out measures to prepare the patient for implantation. Conclusions. The statistics on peri-implantitis, the etiology, pathogenesis and clinical picture of this inflammatory disease are considered. As a result of the analysis of literary sources, the most common contraindications to dental implantation and risk factors for the development of peri-implantitis were identified. This information allows us to formulate a comprehensive approach to assessing this disease.