RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF DRUG-INDUCED ORAL MUCOSITIS DURING CYTOSTATIC THERAPY OF ONCOLOGICAL DISEASES

Subject: Drug-induced oral mucositis is one of the most severe complications manifesting as lesions of the oral mucosa in patients undergoing chemotherapy. The prevalence of drug-induced oral mucositis when using chemotherapeutic agents ranges from 20% (with monotherapy) to 100% (with the simultaneous use of radiotherapy and chemotherapy). The analysis and systematization of factors contributing to the onset of drug-induced oral mucositis during chemotherapy are necessary to clarify their prognostic role. Objective: To identify and analyze the risk factors for the development of drug-induced oral mucositis during cytostatic therapy of oncological diseases, as described in scientific publications. Methodology: A content analysis of scientific literature was conducted in databases: PubMed, eLIBRARY, Google Scholar, and others, using predefined keywords. Publications were initially selected by title, date, and abstract. Further selection was based on availability of title, summary, and conclusions, followed by access to full texts. Results: Drug-induced oral mucositis is a serious complication of antitumor therapy, characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the oral mucosa against the background of chemotherapy. The data presented in the analyzed literature demonstrate a variety of risk factors for the occurrence of drug-induced oral mucositis. Three groups of risk factors were distinguished (patient status, tumor characteristics, treatment strategy). The possibility of various combinations of risk factors both within a single group and across groups is of particular interest for prognostic research. Conclusion: A more detailed study of risk factors will make it possible to predict the course, as well as to develop preventive measures and treatment strategies for drug-induced oral mucositis.