MORPHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A PHARMACOLOGICAL COMPOSITION FOR LOCAL TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY PERIODONTAL DISEASES IN AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF PERIODONTITIS IN LABORATORY ANIMALS

The high prevalence of inflammatory periodontal diseases (IPD) and the limited effectiveness of currently used treatments justify the relevance of developing new combination therapies that provide a comprehensive impact on both etiological factors and the main pathogenetic mechanisms underlying IPD Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a novel pharmacological composition in an experimental periodontitis model in laboratory animals. Materials and Methods: A comparative histological assessment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the novel pharmacological composition (NPC) for local treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases. The composition included silicon-zinc-organic glycerohydrogel, aminodihydrophthalazinedione sodium, pentoxifylline, and miramistin. The study was performed in Wistar rats with experimental periodontitis. In the main group (n=15), NPC was applied, while in the control group (n=15), standard pharmacotherapy was used. At days 5, 14, and 21 of treatment, animals were sacrificed for evaluation. Histological analysis of periodontal tissues was carried out, with assessment of the severity of inflammatory infiltrates and the condition of the microcirculatory bed. Results and Discussion: On day 5 after treatment, inflammatory infiltrates and uneven thickening of vascular walls were observed in both groups; however, in the main group, blood flow activity was present. By day 14, a reduction in inflammatory infiltrate density was seen in both groups. In the control group, vessels with thickened, sclerotic walls and reduced blood flow were noted, while the main group demonstrated signs of active neoangiogenesis and numerous functioning mature vessels. After 3 weeks, the control group still exhibited inflammatory infiltration and vessels with thickened, sclerotic walls and narrowed lumens, whereas in the main group, minimal infiltrates were observed, and the microcirculatory network appeared normal. Conclusions: The NPC demonstrated anti-inflammatory efficacy in the treatment of periodontitis in laboratory animals, promoting angiogenesis in periodontal tissues and improving blood rheology.