Electrochemical Detection of Fenitrothion Using Cobalt Molybdate Oxide/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite: A Real‐Time Sensing Approach

Abstract The widespread use of organophosphate pesticides, such as fenitrothion (FNT), for crop protection has raised serious environmental and health concerns due to their neurotoxic effects and potential fatality upon long‐term exposure. To overcome this issue, we have developed an highly sensitive electrochemical sensor based on cobalt molybdate oxide‐decorated reduced graphene oxide (CoMoO 4 /rGO) for the detection of FNT. Under optimized conditions, the sensor exhibited good sensitivity of 0.011 µM −1 cm −2 , a low detection limit (LOD) of 1.71 nM (S/N:3), and linear detection range between 2–8 nM. Furthermore, the sensor displayed good selectivity, stability, reproducibility (RSD 3.3%) and repeatability (RSD 1.9%). Practical applicability was evaluated in real samples, including tap water, grapes and tomatoes, with recovery rates ranging from 90.2 to 99.5%. These results highlights the potential of CoMoO 4 /rGO based sensor as a reliable tool for the detection of FNT in real samples.