The Predictive Effects of Burnout, Academic Buoyancy and Enjoyment on Students’ English Academic Achievement: A fsQCA Approach

This study investigates how English learning burnout (ELB), academic buoyancy (AB), and foreign language enjoyment (FLE) jointly and independently influence the English academic achievement of Chinese senior high school students. Drawing on the Control-Value Theory of Achievement Emotions, data from 640 students were analyzed using both regression and fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA). Regression results indicated that intrinsic enjoyment of language learning was the strongest positive predictor of achievement, whereas exhaustion exerted a notable negative effect. The fsQCA results revealed five pathways to high achievement, such as the combination of high enjoyment and buoyancy with low burnout, which predicted success even without strong teacher support. Conversely, low buoyancy and enjoyment coupled with high burnout characterized underachievement. These findings enrich Control-Value Theory by highlighting asymmetry between the causes of success and failure, and they emphasize the importance of fostering both intrinsic enjoyment and resilience in exam-driven educational contexts. Practical strategies are suggested to help educators reduce negative states and promote sustainable learning engagement.