Reshoring strategies in the intellectual capital perspective: the case of the fashion and textile industry in Italy

Purpose This study investigates the role of intellectual capital in shaping reshoring strategies within Italy's fashion and textile industry. Amid recent global disruptions, such as pandemics and geopolitical conflicts, Italian companies are reconsidering their supply chain configurations, emphasizing local production to enhance resilience and preserve high-quality craftsmanship. The research aims to deepen understanding of how human, structural and relational capital influence strategic reshoring decisions and competitive advantage. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative, multiple case study methodology was employed, focusing on Italian fashion and textile small- and medium-sized enterprise (SMEs). Data collection involved semi-structured interviews with executives, analysis of company documentation and participation in industry events. The research leverages insights from strategic management literature to analyze the relationship between intangible assets and reshoring initiatives. Comparative analysis across cases provided nuanced perspectives on the critical factors driving strategic shifts toward domestic production. Findings Results suggest that intellectual capital, particularly knowledge, skills and relational networks serves as a vital enabler for successful reshoring in the Italian fashion industry. Companies that effectively leverage their intangible assets demonstrate greater agility, innovation capacity and resilience to external shocks. Findings also highlight challenges such as maintaining product quality, safeguarding brand reputation and integrating new supply chain processes. Relational capital, including industry partnerships and local ecosystems, plays a pivotal role in overcoming these barriers. Originality/value This research offers novel insights into the intersection of intellectual capital and reshoring strategies within a culturally and economically unique context, advancing the understanding of how intangible assets underpin strategic pivoting in a sector highly dependent on craftsmanship and brand reputation. Moreover, the study contributes to the emerging field of supply chain resilience, emphasizing the importance of knowledge and relational assets in navigating global disruptions.