The interaction of the rebounding sphere with the trailing bubble from water entry

This study explores the interaction dynamics between a rebounding sphere and its trailing bubble after entering water using high-speed photography. The sphere, which is hydrophobically coated and varies in initial height and diameter, carries a trailing bubble upon entering the water. The sphere rebounds and interacts with the trailing bubble. Three different morphology patterns of the bubbles were identified, alongside the observation of water jet formation as the sphere rebounds and threads through the bubble. The quantitative analysis includes parameters such as the energy loss ratio, coefficient of restitution, and the volume of the bottom jet during the sphere's rebound. This study is the first to investigate the rebounding of an object after entering water and its interaction with the trailing bubble. It provides additional experimental insights into water-entry and collision problems, contributing to a better understanding of the associated fluid–structure interaction characteristics.