Computed tomographic evaluation of the morphology of styloid process of temporal bone among people attending a tertiary care center in Nepal

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the morphological differences of styloid process of temporal bone in Nepalese individuals region specific to western Nepal using computed tomography (CT) imaging and to establish baseline data on length and types of styloid process focusing on gender and age differences. This descriptive study at Manipal Teaching Hospital, Nepal, analyzed 124 head CT scans to assess styloid process (SP) morphology. Bilateral measurements of SP length, type, and distances from the oropharynx were taken. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA and chi-square tests to explore gender, age, and symmetry differences. Styloid process (SP) was longer on the right side for both genders, with males showing greater lengths than females. Average length of right SP was 27.98 mm and 26.20 mm in male and female whereas left SP was 26.97 mm and 25.75 mm in male and female. The majority of radiographs showed SP lengths less than 30 mm. Elongated SPs were observed in 33.06% of cases, with more bilateral elongation in females. Type I was the most common SP type, particularly in older males, while Type III was more frequent in females and adolescents. In conclusion, the length of the styloid process (SP) was greater on the right side in both males and females, with males having longer SPs overall. Elongated SPs were observed in 33.06% of cases, more frequently bilaterally in females. Type I SP was the most common, especially in older males, while Type III was more common in females and adolescents.