Effectiveness of Arthrocentesis versus Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections in TMJ Disorders: A Clinical Study

Background: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders affect a significant proportion of the population, leading to pain, joint dysfunction, and reduced quality of life. Arthrocentesis and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections are two widely used conservative treatments. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of arthrocentesis and PRP in improving pain relief, mouth opening, and functional outcomes in TMJ disorder patients. Methods: A total of 60 patients diagnosed with TMJ disorders were enrolled and divided into two groups ( n = 30 each). Group A underwent arthrocentesis, while Group B received PRP injections. Outcomes were measured based on pain reduction (VAS score), maximum mouth opening (maximum mouth opening [MMO] in mm), and functional improvement using the Jaw Function Limitation Scale. Measurements were recorded at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months post-treatment. Statistical analysis was conducted using paired t -tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: Both treatment groups showed significant improvement. The PRP group demonstrated superior long-term pain relief (VAS: 7.2 to 2.1) compared to arthrocentesis (VAS: 7.4 to 3.5) at 3 months. MMO improved in both groups, with PRP showing a greater increase (35.5 mm to 43.8 mm) than arthrocentesis (34.9 mm to 41.2 mm). Functional limitation scores also improved more significantly in the PRP group. Conclusion: PRP injections provided better long-term outcomes in terms of pain relief and functional improvement compared to arthrocentesis, suggesting its potential as a more effective conservative treatment for TMJ disorders.