Transperineal combined two- and three-dimensional ultrasound evaluation of the effects of different delivery methods on levator ani muscles and pelvic organ prolapse

Transperineal 2D combined with 3D ultrasound can effectively evaluate the effects of different delivery modes on the LAM and pelvic floor structure. Vaginal delivery increases the incidence of LAM injury and anterior and middle pelvic prolapse. The use of forceps can aggravate the degree of LAM injury, but it is not a high risk factor for prolapse. Pregnancy has a more significant effect on anterior pelvic prolapse than it does on middle pelvic prolapse.