Research Communication: Risk of Tuberculosis With Advanced Therapies in 20,705 Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in Low Incidence Regions—A U.S. Claims‐Based Study

We conducted a USA claims-based cohort study in 20,705 patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) on advanced therapies to estimate the overall and comparative risk of tuberculosis between advanced therapies using inverse probability of treatment weighted Cox proportional hazards model. The incidence rate (IR, per 100,000 person-years) of tuberculosis with TNF antagonists (n = 9378) and non-TNF-targeting biologics (anti-integrins [n = 5877], anti-interleukins [n = 5450]) was similar (38 [95% CI, 8-69] vs. 33[7-59]). Adjusting for covariates, risk of tuberculosis was similar (HR, 1.16 [0.41-3.31]). In low incidence regions like USA, the incidence of tuberculosis after starting advanced therapies for IBD is very low, and comparable across advanced therapies.