Modified magnetic flow of Williamson nanofluid over a stretching sheet with Newtonian heating

In systems where heat transfer and flow dynamics are crucial, the Williamson nanofluid model is a useful tool for studying non-Newtonian fluids. Numerous industrial applications, such as energy systems, manufacturing processes, and thermal management systems, depend on non-Newtonian fluid flows. In conjunction to this, this paper aims to investigate numerically the boundary layer flow of a Williamson nanofluid across a stretching sheet under modified magnetic influence and Newtonian heating (NH). Thus, the goal of the study is to investigate how the velocity and temperature profiles are affected by several characteristics, such as the concentration of nanoparticles, the strength of the magnetic field, the Williamson fluid properties, and thermal boundary conditions. To solve the nonlinear ordinary differential equations resulting from the application of similarity variables to the governing partial differential equations, the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg (RKF45) method is utilized. To comprehend their impact on the fluid's behaviour and heat distribution, the analysis assesses several pertinent physical characteristics. The findings show that while magnetic effect reduces velocity, raising the Williamson parameter improves thermal performance. It is anticipated that these discoveries will advance our knowledge of non-Newtonian nanofluid flows and offer guidance for improving engineering systems that employ them.