Effects of drug administration routes on the efficacy and safety of treatments for systemic lupus erythematosus

<i>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)</i> is a highly complex autoimmune disease characterized by abnormal activation of the immune system, which attacks self-tissues and organs, leading to multi-system damage. Developing a scientifically sound treatment strategy requires comprehensive consideration of multiple factors such as drug efficacy, administration route, and patient safety. This article focuses on the impact of different administration routes on the efficacy and safety of SLE pharmacotherapy. Evidence indicates that the therapeutic efficacy and safety profiles of intravenous, subcutaneous, and oral administration vary significantly, directly affecting the rational selection of treatment plans and the overall prognosis of patients.