“Win‐Win” Structural Engineering of Chinese Herb Residues‐Derived Porous Graphitic Carbons: Decoupling the Porosity‐Graphitization Antagonism for Ultrahigh‐Rate Supercapacitors

The antagonism between porosity and graphitization critically limits carbon supercapacitor performance. Here, we demonstrate a structural engineering strategy that converts Sargentodoxa Cuneata residue (SCR) into hierarchically porous graphitic carbons (SCR‐HPCs). By precisely regulating biomass precursor porous architecture, this methodology decouples the antagonism between porosity development and graphitization progression in KOH‐mediated activation, achieving simultaneous high specific surface area (2465.1 m 2 g −1 ) and graphitization (I D /I G of 0.73). In 6 m KOH electrolyte, the specific capacitance of the optimized SCR‐HPC‐900 electrode reaches 415.6 F g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 , with a capacitance retention of 75.1% even at an ultra‐high current density of 200 A g −1 . The fabricated symmetric supercapacitor achieves an energy density of 8.5 Wh kg −1 at a power density of 37 803 W kg −1 , retaining over 100.8% of its capacitance after 100 000 cycles. Remarkably, in 1 m TEABF 4 /PC organic electrolyte, the supercapacitor achieves maximum energy and power densities of 45.6 Wh kg −1 and 41 750 W kg −1 , respectively. This study presents an effective methodology for decoupling the antagonism between porosity and graphitization in conventional processes, offering a new idea for converting biomass waste into high‐performance energy storage materials.