Intermittent Fasting and Skin Health: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Implications

Objective: Intermittent fasting (IF) is a dietary pattern alternating between periods of eating and fasting, known for its metabolic, hormonal, and anti-inflammatory benefits. This review aims to explore the molecular, physiological, and clinical links between IF and skin health. Methods: A comprehensive review of recent preclinical and clinical literature was conducted, focusing on the effects of IF on skin biology, including modulation of oxidative stress, induction of autophagy, hormonal regulation, and interactions between the gut and skin. Results: Evidence suggests that IF may enhance skin regeneration, delay ageing, and improve inflammatory skin disorders such as acne, psoriasis, and eczema. Mechanistically, IF downregulates IGF-1 and mTOR signalling, enhances antioxidant defences, promotes autophagy, and modulates the immune response. Preliminary clinical findings also indicate potential benefits in photoaging, wound healing, and tissue repair. However, most data are preclinical, with limited human trials. Conclusion: IF represents a promising nonpharmaceutical strategy for improving skin health and managing dermatological conditions. Future research should focus on developing standardised protocols, molecular profiling, and assessing long-term safety in diverse populations.