Ecological Status and Socioeconomic Significance of <i>Boswellia papyrifera</i> in Lowland Areas of Wag‐Himra Zone, Northern Ethiopia

Boswellia papyrifera (Del.) Hochst, usually called as the Ethiopian frankincense tree, is a deciduous dryland species widespread to the escarpments and dryland areas of Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Sudan, and it is known for its economic and ecological importance. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the tree stand population status, health, and regeneration status, while evaluating its socioeconomic contribution to local households and the predominant management challenges. The research, conducted within the Amhara regional state, focused on the Abergele, Dehana, and Ziquala woredas. Specific study sites were identified through consultations with woreda agricultural office experts and local residents. The study comprised two parts: a technical component and a survey component. GIS software was utilized for mapping all B. papyrifera growth sites. In Abergele woreda, encompassing 15 kebeles, B. papyrifera was found in only three kebeles, with an average tree density of 178 trees per hectare. Ziquala woreda, with 15 kebeles, hosted B. papyrifera in only two kebeles, boasting an average tree density of 695 trees per hectare. Despite its ecological significance, as it can thrive in arid, degraded, and nutrient‐poor soils, and its economic potential in generating high income, B. papyrifera has received little attention for conservation and sustainable management from both local communities and governmental organizations. The study emphasizes the ample availability of frankincense resources in the surveyed woredas, which could serve as a significant income source for locals. However, its untapped potential is attributed to a lack of awareness regarding its economic significance, overshadowed by its traditional use as construction material and forage. The study recommends that universities or research centers address the challenges related to regeneration status to ensure sustainable management of these valuable resources.